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How is the GRE Score Calculated?

How is the GRE Score Calculated?

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Know everything about the GRE score calculation by ETS and how to score well.

GyanDhan
Yogender Panchal
Updated on:  24 Sep 2024  | Reviewed By:  Aman  | 23.2K | 17  min read

GRE is the only standard admission test in the world that is accepted for admission to business programs and graduate courses including MS programs in universities abroad. So, if you wish to study abroad, taking the GRE General Test has to be in your plans. Given the current level of competition, merely taking the GRE is not sufficient. You need a good GRE score, especially if you aim to get into a top-ranked college in the world.


How do you get an ideal GRE score? One, by preparing exhaustively, and two, by being conversant with how GRE scores are calculated. We focus on the latter in this post.

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 How is the GRE Score Calculated?

In most places, GRE is a computer-based exam, but in a few regions, the test is paper-based. In both mediums, the GRE General Test has three main sections -

 

  1. list items
  2. list items
  3. list items

 

The Score Scale for them is - 

 

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How is the GRE Sectional Score Calculated?

To help you understand how the GRE sectional scores are calculated, let us first explain what ‘measures’ are. The three sections of the GRE test - Verbal, Quantitative, and Analytical - are known as ‘measures’. Now, the computer-delivered GRE test is adaptive, i.e., if you perform well in the first measure/section, that is, in the analytical writing section, then the next measure/section, for example, a quantitative section, will be more difficult. The paper-delivered GRE is not adaptive. It is why the scores of each GRE is calculated a bit differently.

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Computer-Delivered Test Scoring Method

Both the Verbal Reasoning and Quantitative Reasoning sections have 2 measures. All the questions asked within them are worth the same points. How well you score in verbal and quantitative reasoning depends upon:

  • list items Performance on the Questions Asked
  • list items The Number of Questions Answered in the Time Allotted

 

GRE Verbal Score Calculation:

Based on the number of questions you answer correctly, you get a raw score. This raw verbal score is converted into a scaled score. For this, GRE uses equating. The equating process ensures that the variations in different test editions and difficulty levels don’t impact your score.


For instance, on a particular day, the difficulty level of the test you take is higher than that of the test that happened a few weeks ago. Equating makes certain that your score isn’t lower than the score of those who took the previous test.

 

Quant Score Calculation:

The GRE quant score is calculated exactly as the verbal score. You get a raw score which is computed on the basis of correct answers. That is converted into a scaled version by equating.

 

What is the importance of GRE score in abroad admissions?

How Does Adaptive Testing Impact the Score?

Let’s say A got 12/20 questions correct on the first Quant measure. In the second measure, A got perfect 20/20 points. B, on the other hand, scores 18/20 in the first measure and 14/20 on the second. Both A & B answered the same number of correct questions 32/40, yet A’s score won’t be as high as that of B.


This is because GRE is an adaptive test. B had to answer more difficult questions in the second measure because he/she performed fairly well in the preceding measure. Therefore, B will have a slightly higher final score.

 

Analytical Writing Score Calculation:

AW has two essays - the "Issue" task and the "Argument" task. A trained reader reviews and scores you on the basis of the overall quality of each essay. The reader places major emphasis on critical thinking and analytical writing skills instead of grammar and mechanics, e.g. spelling.  Besides the trained reader, a computer program, known as e-rater, also reviews the essays. 

 

Now, There are 2 Possibilities - 

 

  1. list items
    The human reader and the computerised program allot you similar scores in an essay. In this case, the average of the two scores becomes your final score for that particular task.
  2. list items
    The human reader and the e-rater grant you varied scores in an essay. In this case, another human reader is called in to review the essay. The final score for that task is the average of the marks given by the two human readers.
 

The marks you obtain on the two essays are then averaged to report a single score. It becomes your final Analytical Writing score.

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Read more about: How to Calculate SGPA: Calculations Simplified

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Paper-Delivered Test

The paper-delivered GRE is not adaptive. Therefore, its GRE test score calculator works a little differently.


You get a raw score in the Verbal and Quantitative sections based on the number of correct answers. The raw score is turned into a scaled version through the equating process to make sure that any variations between the distinct test editions are evened out.


For the Analytical Writing section, two trained GRE readers are used to allot marks for both the essay tasks. The paper-test doesn’t utilise the e-rater computer program to judge the essays. The human readers check your critical thinking and writing ability. The two scores assigned by the readers are then averaged out.


In case the score they assign “differs by more than one point on the scale,” then a third reader is roped in.  The rest of the scoring system in the AW section is the same as in the computer-based test.

 

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How is the GRE Total Score Calculated?

The total scores for Verbal and Quantitative sections range from 130 to 170. The overall score of the AW section ranges from 0 to 6. The three parts of the GRE are scored separately. They are not added to make one composite score like in SAT. In short, when the GRE test score is delivered, it has three scores for Verbal, Quant, and Analytical Writing.

 

To know more about How is the GRE Score Calculated?, click here.

 

 

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What is the GRE Score Calculator Percentile?

Besides the total score, the Test Taker Score Report also has GRE scores percentiles. It tells you what percentage of test-takers scored lower than you. Take, for instance, you scored 94th percentile in the Quant section. It means your score was higher than 94% of all test takers. The higher the GRE score percentile, the more impressive your score.

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What are the GRE Scores of Top Universities?

Listed below are the average GRE scores which top B-schools and US universities for MS in Engineering accept. Students applying to these universities should target these scores or even higher to boost their chances of getting an admit from these universities. 
 

Ideal GRE Scores for MS in Engineering for Top US Universities

  S.no. Universities   Average Verbal Scores     Average Quantitative Scores  

1

Massachusetts Institute of Technology  

162

167

2

Harvard

160

167

3

Stanford

159

167

4

Princeton

162

166

5

Yale

155

170

6

University of California-Berkeley

157

165

7

University of Pennsylvania

155

166

8

Carnegie Mellon University

154

161

9

UCLA

154

165

10

Cornell

154

166

 

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Ideal GRE Scores for Top MBA Colleges

Business Schools   Verbal Scores     Quant Scores     Writing Scores  

Yale SOM

165

164

4.7

Stanford GSB

165

164

4.9

Harvard

164

164

NA

UCLA (Anderson)

164

164

4.5

UC-Berkeley (Haas)

164

161

5.0

Virginia (Darden)

162

161

5.0

NYU (Stern)

162

161

4.4

Cornell (Johnson)

161

161

4.5

Duke (Fuqua)

161

160

4.5

  Carnegie Mellon (Tepper)  

159

162

4.0

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A Glimpse of Past GRE Average Performance

To help test-takers understand which score fell within which percentile, ETS published the average performance of students based on their marks. This will help students to understand how difficult it may be to score a particular mark in the test. The following data was compiled over a three-year period, from 2015 to 2018.

 

GRE Score Percentiles

  Scaled Scores     Verbal Reasoning Percentile Ranks     Quantitative Reasoning Percentile Ranks  

170

99

96

169

99

95

168

98

93

167

98

90

166

97

89

165

96

86

164

94

84

163

93

82

162

90

79

161

88

76

160

86

73

159

83

70

158

80

67

157

76

64

156

73

60

155

68

56

154

64

53

153

60

49

152

54

45

151

51

41

150

46

37

149

41

34

 

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GRE Score Scales

Analytical Writing Scores Analytical Writing Percentile Ranks

6.0

99

5.5

98

5.0

92

4.5

81

4.0

57

3.5

39

3.0

15

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How to Send Your GRE Score to Schools?

It’s fairly easy to send your GRE score to colleges with the help of the Score Select option. You have two options:

  • list items On the test day, after you finish taking the computer-based exam, you can select to send either the most recent GRE score or all your GRE scores for the last 5 years. It is a free service that GRE offers. You can also choose to not send your GRE scores to any university.
  • list items You can submit the scores after the test day by ordering additional score reports for a fee of US$27. Here, you can choose to send all/ the most recent/any score.
  •  

     

    For the computer-delivered test, you need to pick your free score recipients at the test center. For the paper-delivered test, the choice has to be made during registration. Here’s a self-explanatory video on how to send scores after taking the test.

     

    A key point to remember when reporting your GRE score to colleges abroad is that there is no “total GRE score.” Universities are more interested in knowing how much you scored in each section of the GRE, rather than overall.

     

    Check Also - Free IELTS Study Guide 

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    To Sum up GRE Score 

    The GRE score average mentioned above gives you a reasonable idea of what to target. If you aim to be accepted by a top business school in the world or a great engineering program, a high GRE percentile (and score) is a must. It is one criterion you have to fulfil undoubtedly.

     

    Knowing how to calculate the GRE score is one step to cracking a good score, familiarity with the syllabus is another, and preparing well for the test is the last. 

     

     

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